Nature of material velocity of movement nature of movement 4 factors influencing mass movement nature. Chapter 4 weathering and soil pages 84102 earth science, 11e edward j. The type of material that failed typically either bedrock or unconsolidated sediment. Pdf overview of the effects of mass wasting on the natural. Loss of life and property from mass wasting events can be prevented or mitigated by adequate assessment and planning based on geologic studies of previous occurrences. However, creep causes fences and utility poles to tilt and retaining walls to be displaced. It proceeds at variable rates of speed and is largely dependent on the water saturation levels and the steepness of the terrain. Mar 16, 2015 mass wasting is down slope movement of rock materials due to influence of gravity. Materials that have been transported downslope by mass wasting processes eventually reach a more or less stable position, usually at the base of a hill or cliff. Alternating expansion and contraction of surface material caused by freezing and thawing or wetting and drying. Mass movements are an important part of the erosional process, as it moves material from higher elevations to lower elevations where transporting agents like streams and glaciers can then. Occurrences of slow mass wasting are visually imperceptible, more widespread, and bring a greater volume of material downslope than rapid mass wasting. Continuous movement due to wettingdrying or freezethaw cycles. Hughes, 2003 gros ventre landslide, wyoming there are many types of slope failure.
Gravity pulls rocks, soils and debris on a downward slope naturally without any chemical change. When such movement occurs after the materials have been lubricated by rain water from melting snow it is refers to as mass movement. Match the trigger of mass wasting with the situation in which it most likely occurs. Download fulltext pdf overview of the effects of mass wasting on the natural environment article pdf available in environmental and engineering geoscience 1. The force involved in this process is gravity but it is only able to exert its influence when the materials overcome their initial resistance to movement. Slow invisible movement of soil downhill mass wasting is the movement of sediment or soil downhill by gravity. Mass wasting process by which material moves downslope under the force of gravity 3 mass movement is classified on the basis of. Types of mass wasting processes defined by the movement of the material the character of the movement fall slide flow types of mass wasting processes defined by the movement of the material the rate of the movement fast slow forms of mass wasting slump rockslide debris flow earth flow creep solifluction. Sep 27, 2011 weathering, erosion, and mass wasting slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Terms in this set 99 weathering, mass wasting, and erosion are all part of what process. The three criteria used to describe slope failures are. Creep type of mass wasting that involves the gradual downhill movement of soil and regolith. This class exercise is an opportunity for students to apply textbook information about weathering and mass wasting to local and nationallyrecognized surface features, such as stone mountain ga, half dome ca, and others. Nature of material velocity of movement nature of movement 4 factors influencing mass movement nature of slope materials steepness of slope water content.
Mass movement mass wasting downslope movement of regolith under the influence of gravity. Notes 14bb notes 14bb erosion is a general term for the removal of rock or mineral particles from exposed surfaces by water, air. A search of the document itself finds only three standards related to weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and landscape change. Using the pulldown boxes, match each item on the left to the corresponding item at right. Chapter 4 weathering and soil western oregon university. The arrangement of glacial deposits and other weak rocks, along with the effects of coastal erosion, define where most landslides occur. Processes and forms of mass wasting mass wasting processes can occur through four actions 1.
Mass wasting is a natural result of weathering on slopes. Bedrock of earth got severely beaten up by hothouse climate conditions during one of planets mass extinctions some 200 million years ago. Types of mass wasting a rock fall are the fastest of all landslide types and occurs when a rock falls through the air until it comes to rest on the groundnot too complicated. A rock fall are the fastest of all landslide types and occurs when a rock falls through the air until it comes to rest on the groundnot too complicated. Weathering and mass wasting weathering and mass wasting. Weathering is a process of a slow continuous breakdown of rocks into smaller particles that are in equilibrium with the prevailing environment bland and rolls 1998. Mass wasting comes in a great variety of forms largely dependent on the character of the material moving, and the mechanisms of movement. Weathering and mass wasting free download as powerpoint presentation. Answera steep and rocky slopea gentle slope with deep soilsa slope that has many buildings on itall of the slopes are. Mass wasting includes all processes by which masses of rock and soil move downslope. An investigation of mass movements along the shores of lake mi.
Taking a look at how rocks like to follow their own slippery slope, this quiz and corresponding worksheet will help you gauge your knowledge of the types of mass wasting and erosion. Battered earth revived by mineral weathering after mass. Slope the steeper the slope, the downslope pull angle of repose steepest angle at which a pile of unconsolidated grains remains stable. To determine the proper length of the shear stress and normal stress vectors just multiply the length of your standard gravitational vector by the sin or cos of the slope.
View weathering and mass wasting from management mg101 at university of the south pacific. Earths external processes weathering the disintegration and decomposition of material at or near the surface mass wasting the transfer of rock material downslope under the influence of gravity erosion the. Flow caused by weak internal cohesion as well as exceeding the threshold angle of repose 4. Introduction mass wasting the downslope movement of. Slope stability depends on the ratio of stabilizing to destabilizing forces which can be summarized by the mohrcoulomb equation. This material is offten poorly sorted, only crudely bedded if at all, and can. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Powerpoint as a starting point for notes over weathering, erosion, and mass wasting. Mass wasting gravity downslope transfer angle of repose the steepest angle that can be assumed by loose fragments without downslope movement. Landslide hazards in the seattle, washington, area printed on recycled paper seattles geology and climate contribute to landslides the seattle area was glaciated during the last ice age.
Weathering, mass wasting, erosion, and landscape change. Mass wasting denudation generally commences with mass wasting, which is the downslope movement of weathered rock debris under gravity without the need for moving streams of water, ice or air. The disintegration and decomposition of material at or near the surface. Mass movements are an important part of the erosional process, as it moves material from higher elevations to lower elevations where transporting agents like streams and glaciers can then pick up the material and. Mass wasting can be hazardous and often results in the loss of life and property. Weathering and mass wasting read pages 255 274 of planet earth. Weathering and mass wasting multiple choice fractures in rocks where there is no relative movement are. This is one of the central concepts of this course.
Mass wasting refers to the downward movement of soil, regolith andor bedrock because of gravity. In utah, they are common in the spring and fall because of freezethaw weathering. The intermittent movement slip of a mass of earth or rock along a curved plane is a slump. Mass wasting any downslope movement due to gravity. Landslide hazards in the seattle, washington, area the. The force involved in this process is gravity but it is only able to exert its influence when the materials overcome their initial resistance to. Increased water content within the slope is the most. In the daytime, temperatures in the spring and fall tend to be above freezing, which. Mass wasting the downslope movement of material resulting from the force of gravity. Pdf overview of the effects of mass wasting on the. Simply put, gravity pulls loose rock and soil downhill. Mass wasting is down slope movement of rock materials due to influence of gravity. Appendix a includes input test files which were used for verification of the new capability. Mass wasting results when the force of gravity acting parallel to a slope exceeds the strength of that slope.
Swelling caused by expansion of clay or through frost action types of mass wasting. Mass wasting is the downslope movement of masses of earth materials. The term landslide is used synonymously with the term mass wasting, but they are not the same thing. Mass wasting the transfer of rock material downslope under the influence of gravity erosion the incorporation and transportation of material by a mobile agent, usually water, wind, or ice. Appendix b contains the test files created by densmore in ref. As terrain becomes more mountainous, the hazard increases in developed nations impacts of masswasting or landslides can result in millions of dollars of damage with some deaths in less developed nations damage is more extensive because of population density, lack of stringent zoning laws. Students will assess strength characteristics of unconsolidated sediment in the field, survey the morphology of the movement, and determine the frequency or rate of mass wasting in this area using aerial photography. Any fragments added after that balance is reached causes downslope movement pull of gravity accumulation of weathered material soil regolith fragmented rock. This downward movement is called as mass movement or masswasting. Gravity is the primary force responsible for mass wasting, which consists of the downslope movement and subsequent deposition of unstable material. The process of converting rock into sediment and forming soils, a main process in the rock cycle. Answerdownslope movement of rock and or soilthrowing garbage aroundpollutionland lost to volcanic eruptions question 17 which of the following environments are susceptible to mass wasting.
Weathering and erosion weathering includes several physical and chemical processes that alter surface and nearsurface rocks and minerals, whereas erosion involves the removal of weathered materials, by running water or blowing wind, for example, from the area where weathering occurred. That includes all earth materials, rock and regolith. Weathering, erosion, and mass wasting linkedin slideshare. Mass wasting is the failure and downslope movement of rock or unconsolidated materials in response to gravity. Mass wasting mass wasting the process by which materials e.
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